Skip to main content

Low oil price challenge for NOCs

Just an observation on national oil companies (NOC) in my region of interest (South East Asia) since the collapse of the oil price in 2014.  An implicit role of the national oil companies is to provide technical and professional employment to the citizens of the country.  There is the trickle down effect of spending by the NOC's employees but also an overall development impact of raising the skills pool of the nation.  So with the oil price collapse, and the continuing demand to satisfy the government's income requirements (some SEA countries have a heavy reliance on oil revenues), the NOCs are faced with a challenge.

Maintaining cash positivity in the face of a 50% cut in income has required oil companies to take action.  Immediately, many suspended investment projects and reduced external non-critical spending.  Next was internal and supply chain efficiencies: cutting staff and imposing blanket price reductions on suppliers.  This immediate cash saving activity has been followed with a period of portfolio re-adjustment.  Some companies offloading assets to boost cash whilst others using the opportunity to acquire assets that provide a better long term strategic fit. 

For NOCs the challenge is that one of these levers to reduce cash outflow, cutting staff, is politically difficult given their implicit role of providing employment for nationals.  Non-critical external spend (like that on consultants) has been slashed and, within their procurement systems, huge pressure has been applied to suppliers to take straight price reductions. But lay-offs of nationals have been avoided. 

The low oil environment does provide an opportunity for NOCs to make good on the ambitions they all had to become truly international operators.  For those that can access funding, there are assets available that would extend their footprint and allow them to move into new areas of oil and gas production using new technologies.  But it seems the needs of public coffers are at least as demanding as those of the shareholders of International Oil Companies as we have seen NOCs re-focus themselves on their national or regional assets.   PTTEP, the Thai NOC's upstream division, have announced such a move after several years of international expansion.

Longer term, as the domestic resources deplete further, NOCs in South East Asia will have to make a decision to either wind-down or seek to convert themselves into true International Oil Companies.  The government shareholders will still derive value from their NOCs but it will have to be as arms length investors.  If such an arrangement is to be successful NOCs can no longer be used as a shadow lever of public policy or worse, a piggy bank to be raided in a cash crisis.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Making operational risk personal

Having worked in in the risk and safety management area of the oil and gas industry I have seen, and in small part helped, some of the leading operators work hard on improving their safety culture.  The realisation in the industry has been that layers of processes and controls can only go so far. Front line staff need to remain aware of the risks they face and not become complacent such that they do not spot those small indicators that something is out of place.   So creating a culture that counters this tendency toward complacency, or risk normalisation, has been a focus for oil and gas operators. The oil and gas industry is not the only one that faces risks that could lead to catastrophic losses and the removal of the licence to operate. Financial institutions have faced such losses through failures in processes and controls around rogue trading, mis-selling of products and failures in anti-money laundering controls.  The Basel Committee on Banking Stability (BCBS) as well as re

Are safety KPIs counter-productive?

A colleague who works with a major international oil and gas company said “Safety KPIs achieve the exact opposite of their original intent”. Whilst he was undoubtedly being provocative to stimulate internal debate, the basis for such a bold statement can be seen in organisations that have comprehensive reporting mechanisms but still suffer from major safety incidents. Safety performance metrics face an inherent difficulty in that managers have a strong temptation to make their numbers as good as possible when they report their performance.   This will be true for safety just as it is for production, sales, financials and any other business performance metric.   Unfortunately, this tendency is the exact opposite of what is required for good safety performance.   A common theme in many of the major catastrophic industrial incidents is the fact that warning signs were there but were not reported.     If there is a bias that emphasises the good and glosses over the bad, there is li

What I learnt...as Finance Director of a small UK motor car manufacturer

I was reminded recently of one of the more interesting episodes in my career when, for about twelve months, I was fortunate to be seconded to a small car manufacturer as Finance Director (both the cars and the company were small!).  It presented an exciting departure from my normal way of working but was also an opportunity to learn.  Here are the major takeaways for me from this experience: Collective executive responsibility Being part of the executive team meant that we plotted the course for the company and that we all bought into the strategy and the plan to deliver it.  We were making significant changes to the products, to the manufacturing process and to the supply chain and we all had to be clear about what we were doing, why we were doing it and how we were going about it.  Employees, shareholders, bankers, auditors and the press would be asking questions and we had to be consistent and clear in answering those questions but then in the actions and decisions we took. Vis